in c, i believe because types are important (statically typed), you need to tell the compiler what type of data you’re going to be printing with printf().

for example:

int main(){
	int message = "hello";
	
	printf("%s\n", message); 
	return 0;
}
 

will tell the compiler to print the string.

format specifiers are here: https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/c/format-specifiers-in-c/